Follow The Dry Line:  Chasing Storms in Tornado Alley

     The following is an account of a recent stormchasing expedition by Darien native Bill Ozanne.  Mr. Ozanne graduated from Darien High School in 1997 and attended the University of Vermont for one year before realizing that he wanted to pursue a career related to his lifelong interest in weather.  He subsequently transferred to the University of Utah, graduating in 2002 with a bachelor's degree in meteorology.

BY BILL OZANNE

Henrietta, TX; April 30th:  Tornado warnings screamed simultaneously over the weather band and local radio stations. A dozen other storm chasers had arrived in this north Texas town when our SUV skidded to a stop in an abandoned lot. After following our storm for over 70 miles we were finally in position, directly under a supercell thunderstorm.

    In February my father handed me an interesting magazine article he read last fall. I looked at the title and said, “Let’s do it.” That was exactly what he was thinking and the trip was unofficially set. The article was about the increasingly trendy hobby of storm chasing.

    After two months of research and mock chasing from home the dates were firm. We would arrive in Dallas on April 29th for three full days of chasing. This was a small window of time and we needed some luck to be successful. The fact that I graduated from the University of Utah with a degree in meteorology was certainly going to help.

    On April 30th daylight revealed low clouds with warm, humid conditions. A quick check on the internet revealed that all of the ingredients had to come together for a severe weather day. We headed west to our target position 50 miles ahead of the dry line in Graham. This left us in a central position, allowing a quick intercept of any storms that may form in north Texas.

    Similar to a cold front, which represents a division between warm and cold air, the dry line denotes a discontinuity between dry and humid air. During spring the dry line is often found in the plains with moist air from the Gulf of Mexico to the east and dry air from the Rocky Mountains to the west. The daily advance of this boundary can serve as a focusing mechanism for the formation of supercell thunderstorms. A particular type of storm that is long-lived and produces more tornados than any other.

    By noon the low clouds burned off, temperatures were climbing and the dry line was advancing towards our position. Everything was happening very rapidly now. Checking radar on a local library’s computer we saw a storm forming to the southwest. My dad jumped in the driver’s seat while I rode shotgun to navigate and spot. We plotted a course out of town to intercept and the chase began.

    Halfway to the new target I called it off noticing something strange was happening outside.  Puffy low clouds were growing into large turrets all around, but higher in the atmosphere strong winds toppled them before reaching maturity. We pulled off the highway for a better look. I watched another tower go up to the north. This one was different. It stayed together, growing higher than all the others while expanding its horizontal area.

    This was a supercell storm. Its cloud tops reached 50,000 feet. Upper-level winds weren’t destroying this storm; they were aiding development and setting the entire system into rotation. We moved ahead of the storm and stopped to watch it race overhead. The base was lowering and growing darker as cloud tops grew thicker blocking out more sunlight.

    Driving into Henrietta we passed a television news truck and a van full of guided storm chasers. Winds were racing into the center of the storm as it sucked in its last gasp of energy. Shades of green mixed in with the blackened sky as a wall cloud lowered from the storm’s base. The air became still. Signs of a tornado were everywhere. Our vehicle became entrained in heavy rain and small hail.

    The tornado never formed. A strong cold front caught our dry line storm. The supercell merged with a squall line of gusty winds and large hail. We were close. The cold front, dry line intersection is one of the sweetest spots for tornados. Earlier, a tornado was spotted a few miles to the north associated with another supercell. Officially, Henrietta reported dime sized hail. Had the cold front arrived later a tornado would have been a real possibility.

    We followed the leading edge of the squall line another 20 miles east dodging rain and hail before heading back to Dallas. Vivid lightning continued well into the night. Our plan called for another two days of chasing but we flew home the next morning as forecasts were for only heavy rain. After a complete success on my first chase I am looking forward to another chase later this spring when severe weather returns to the plains.

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